海洋面積占據著地球總面積的71.8%，因此如何在海上通信是人們很自然就會提出的問題。原始的海上通信方式包括烽火、信號彈、旗語等，到了電氣信息時代，產生了現代化的通信手段。現在的海上通信包括水上通信和水下通信兩種形式。那么水聲通信技術究竟是什么？功率放大器在其研究發展中有著哪些應用？今天Aigtek安泰電子就帶大家(jia)深(shen)入了解(jie)一(yi)下(xia)。

　　圖1水聲(sheng)通信模(mo)擬(ni)系統

　　水(shui)上無線(xian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)環境完全相(xiang)似與陸地的(de)無線(xian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)環境，因(yin)此完全可以使用無線(xian)電(dian)(dian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)系統。但水(shui)下無線(xian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)卻(que)不能再使用無線(xian)電(dian)(dian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)系統，這(zhe)(zhe)是因(yin)為電(dian)(dian)磁波(bo)在(zai)水(shui)這(zhe)(zhe)種介質(zhi)中衰落特別嚴重，導(dao)致無線(xian)電(dian)(dian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)系統根本無法在(zai)水(shui)下應(ying)用。后來人們發現聲波(bo)這(zhe)(zhe)種信(xin)(xin)(xin)號在(zai)水(shui)中的(de)傳播距離可以達(da)到通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)要求，因(yin)此就催生出了水(shui)下聲波(bo)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)技術。

　　作(zuo)為一個通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，水(shui)下聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)技(ji)術具有(you)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)一般(ban)結構，因此跟無(wu)(wu)線(xian)電通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)相比，它們的(de)唯(wei)一區(qu)別就是通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所使(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)波的(de)種類不同(tong)，無(wu)(wu)線(xian)電通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)電磁波實現(xian)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，而水(shui)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波實現(xian)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。無(wu)(wu)線(xian)電通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)天線(xian)發(fa)送(song)和接(jie)收電磁波，水(shui)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)換能器在發(fa)送(song)端(duan)將電信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)轉(zhuan)換成聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)，在接(jie)收端(duan)將聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)波信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)轉(zhuan)換成電信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)號(hao)(hao)。水(shui)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)通(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)如圖2所示。

　　圖2水聲通信系統(tong)

　　水聲通信技術的(de)特點

　　水聲(sheng)(sheng)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)傳播的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)道(dao)包括(kuo)水體、海面和海底，而(er)水聲(sheng)(sheng)通(tong)信(xin)(xin)技術的(de)(de)特(te)點主(zhu)要是(shi)由水聲(sheng)(sheng)信(xin)(xin)道(dao)的(de)(de)特(te)性決定的(de)(de)。水聲(sheng)(sheng)信(xin)(xin)道(dao)是(shi)隨參信(xin)(xin)道(dao)，其特(te)性參數隨著空、時(shi)、頻的(de)(de)變化(hua)而(er)隨機變化(hua)，水聲(sheng)(sheng)信(xin)(xin)道(dao)模型(xing)如圖3所(suo)示。

　　圖3水聲信道模型

　　水聲功率放大(da)器(qi)在水聲通信中的應用

　　ATA-L系列水聲(sheng)(sheng)功率(lv)放(fang)大器在水聲(sheng)(sheng)通信(xin)(xin)應(ying)用中有(you)著良好應(ying)用，它可以(yi)驅動及匹配(pei)各種聲(sheng)(sheng)吶系統，擁(yong)有(you)6500VA的高功率(lv)輸(shu)(shu)出，極高的幅頻(pin)及相(xiang)頻(pin)特性；可根據客戶需要(yao)進行阻抗匹配(pei)設計、保(bao)證輸(shu)(shu)出特性；增(zeng)益數控可調，保(bao)證水聲(sheng)(sheng)實驗測試的各種仿(fang)真；寬帶放(fang)大、保(bao)證水聲(sheng)(sheng)通信(xin)(xin)傳輸(shu)(shu)的信(xin)(xin)號完整；該(gai)產品可以(yi)長時間(jian)穩定(ding)工作，同時還配(pei)有(you)過(guo)流(liu)保(bao)護(hu)、過(guo)壓保(bao)護(hu)、過(guo)溫保(bao)護(hu)等眾多完善的保(bao)護(hu)措施。

　　ATA-L50水聲功率放大器

　　帶寬：（-3dB）200Hz~120kHz

　　電壓：1200Vrms

　　功(gong)率(lv)：6500VA

　　阻抗(kang)：輸出阻抗(kang)匹配多檔可調

　　顯示：設備狀態(tai)液晶動(dong)態(tai)顯示

　　保護：過熱、過載(zai)保護

　　目(mu)前水聲通(tong)(tong)信技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)已經取得了長(chang)足的(de)進展，但要(yao)實現更快的(de)通(tong)(tong)信速率、更高的(de)通(tong)(tong)信質量、更完(wan)善的(de)通(tong)(tong)信網絡，還(huan)需要(yao)MIMO技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)、編碼技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)、擴頻技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)等技(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)結合與實現，還(huan)有一段路(lu)要(yao)走(zou)。

西(xi)安安泰電子是專業(ye)從事功率放大(da)器、高壓(ya)放大器(qi)、功率放大器模塊、功率信號源(yuan)、射(she)頻功率(lv)放(fang)大器(qi)、前置微小(xiao)信號放(fang)大器、高精度(du)電壓源、高精度電流源等電子測量(liang)儀(yi)器研發、生(sheng)產和銷(xiao)售的高科技企業(ye)，為用(yong)戶提(ti)供(gong)具(ju)有競(jing)爭力的測試方案(an)。Aigtek已(yi)經成為在業(ye)界擁有廣(guang)泛產品線(xian)，且具(ju)有相當規(gui)模(mo)的儀(yi)器設備供(gong)應商，樣機都(dou)支持免費試用(yong)。如(ru)想了解更多(duo)功率放大器等產品，請持續(xu)關(guan)注安泰電子官網hkdyw.cn或撥打029-88865020。