實驗名稱：異極(ji)性荷(he)電粉塵在電場中的收集

　　研究方向：隨(sui)著工業的(de)不斷(duan)發(fa)展和人們生活水平(ping)的(de)提高(gao)，能源急劇(ju)增長，由此導致(zhi)的(de)大(da)氣污染(ran)問題(ti)日(ri)趨突出(chu)，嚴重(zhong)威脅人類生存環境，阻礙經濟健康可持續地(di)發(fa)展。盡(jin)管除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)技術已經比較成熟(shu)，粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)污染(ran)也得到了一(yi)定控制(zhi)，但總體水平(ping)與發(fa)達國家相比差(cha)距較大(da)，除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效率不高(gao)，尤其(qi)是細微(wei)粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)收集(ji)效率更低。因此需要一(yi)種全新的(de)除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器，電凝并除(chu)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)裝(zhuang)置由于能夠有(you)效的(de)收集(ji)亞(ya)微(wei)米級粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)而備受人們的(de)青(qing)睞。本研究將對異極性荷電粉塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)在(zai)交(jiao)變(bian)電場及(ji)脈沖(chong)電場中的(de)凝并行為進行更為深入的(de)探討。

　　實驗目的：對于研(yan)發的(de)新型放電(dian)(dian)反(fan)應(ying)器進(jin)行驗證，分析(xi)脈沖電(dian)(dian)場的(de)荷電(dian)(dian)機理，提高(gao)異性荷電(dian)(dian)粉(fen)塵收集效率。

　　測試設備：信號發生器、ATA-7050高壓放大器、電(dian)(dian)壓探頭、DBD放電(dian)(dian)器、示波(bo)器、電(dian)(dian)流探頭、轉(zhuan)子(zi)流量計等(deng)。

　　實驗過程：實驗用粉塵(chen)為(wei)兩種平(ping)均粒徑分別為(wei)0.5um與(yu)2um的硅粉，并由自制(zhi)虹(hong)吸(xi)式發(fa)塵(chen)器(qi)產(chan)生。通過(guo)調節進(jin)入發(fa)塵(chen)器(qi)的氣體(ti)流(liu)(liu)量與(yu)虹(hong)吸(xi)管高(gao)度來控制(zhi)發(fa)塵(chen)速率(lv)，實驗中固定氣體(ti)流(liu)(liu)量為(wei)10L/min，虹(hong)吸(xi)管高(gao)度為(wei)100mm，此時(shi)測得發(fa)塵(chen)速率(lv)為(wei)10mg/s。除塵(chen)效率(lv)采用重量法測定。對(dui)比(bi)這(zhe)兩類(lei)不同粒徑粉塵(chen)在有無靜電(dian)凝(ning)并條件下，除塵(chen)效率(lv)隨板-板除塵(chen)器(qi)間平(ping)均場強變化關系，并考察(cha)DBD放(fang)電(dian)器(qi)所加(jia)交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)壓(ya)值對(dui)粉塵(chen)凝(ning)并效果的影響。

　　為了研(yan)究在(zai)(zai)靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)凝(ning)并條件(jian)下集(ji)(ji)(ji)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)對(dui)粉塵(chen)的(de)(de)(de)收集(ji)(ji)(ji)效果，實驗對(dui)凝(ning)并區DBD放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)施以不同的(de)(de)(de)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，考察此時集(ji)(ji)(ji)塵(chen)器(qi)(qi)對(dui)粉塵(chen)的(de)(de)(de)收集(ji)(ji)(ji)效果。下圖(tu)圖(tu)2是使用示(shi)波(bo)器(qi)(qi)采集(ji)(ji)(ji)到的(de)(de)(de)典型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流波(bo)形(xing)(xing)。從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)波(bo)形(xing)(xing)上可以清(qing)楚的(de)(de)(de)看(kan)到對(dui)DBD放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)施加的(de)(de)(de)為典型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)值在(zai)(zai)正負(fu)之間不斷變化，保證(zheng)了對(dui)粉塵(chen)的(de)(de)(de)異極(ji)性荷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，但從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)波(bo)形(xing)(xing)上沒有看(kan)到明(ming)顯的(de)(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)現象(xiang)。不過從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流波(bo)形(xing)(xing)上顯示(shi)的(de)(de)(de)大量脈沖電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流證(zheng)明(ming)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)發生。

　　實驗結果：對(dui)凝(ning)并(bing)區(qu)(qu)DBD放(fang)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)分別施加(jia)2kV、4kV、6kV、8kV(均方根值)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)實驗條件下，平(ping)均粒(li)(li)徑(jing)為(wei)0.5um粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)隨(sui)集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)區(qu)(qu)平(ping)均場強的(de)(de)(de)變化關系如圖3所示。從(cong)圖中可知(zhi)，隨(sui)著凝(ning)并(bing)區(qu)(qu)DBD放(fang)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)升高(gao)(gao)，集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)對(dui)0.5rm粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)也(ye)隨(sui)之(zhi)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)。當(dang)集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)板(ban)間平(ping)均場強為(wei)5kV/cm，凝(ning)并(bing)區(qu)(qu)不加(jia)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時，0.5rm粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)88%，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)凝(ning)并(bing)區(qu)(qu)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)到8kV，此(ci)時粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)的(de)(de)(de)除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)可達96%。除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)主(zhu)要(yao)是因(yin)為(wei)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)在凝(ning)并(bing)區(qu)(qu)被交(jiao)變電(dian)(dian)場荷電(dian)(dian)后,發生(sheng)凝(ning)并(bing)現象,使(shi)得小粒(li)(li)徑(jing)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)相互結合進而(er)凝(ning)聚為(wei)較(jiao)大粒(li)(li)徑(jing)粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)，從(cong)而(er)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)了集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)集(ji)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)果。凝(ning)并(bing)區(qu)(qu)DBD放(fang)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)所加(jia)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)越高(gao)(gao)，粉(fen)塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)荷電(dian)(dian)與凝(ning)并(bing)效(xiao)(xiao)應越明顯(xian)，除塵(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)效(xiao)(xiao)果也(ye)就越好。

　　另外，從(cong)圖3中還(huan)可以看到(dao)(dao)當凝(ning)并(bing)區(qu)電(dian)壓(ya)從(cong)6kV提(ti)高(gao)到(dao)(dao)8kV時，除塵效率不如(ru)電(dian)壓(ya)由2kV到(dao)(dao)4kV和(he)由4kV到(dao)(dao)6kV時提(ti)高(gao)的(de)明顯(xian)。分析原因(yin)可能是由于在本實驗條件下，凝(ning)并(bing)區(qu)電(dian)壓(ya)升高(gao)到(dao)(dao)一(yi)(yi)定值以后，粉塵的(de)凝(ning)并(bing)效應(ying)達到(dao)(dao)了飽和(he)，致使除塵效率不再有進一(yi)(yi)步的(de)提(ti)高(gao)。

　　高壓放大器推薦(jian)：ATA-7050

　　圖(tu)：ATA-7050高壓放大器(qi)指(zhi)標參數

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